Grades K–2 · Organisms
Why does a bird smooth its feathers with its beak?
A feather can look like one smooth sheet, but it has many little branches. On a bird’s smooth outer feathers, even smaller branches have tiny hooks that catch neighboring branches.
In the diagramOuter feathers have interlocking branchesA gap in the joinsTiny hooks interlockEnlarged branches and their small hooked side branchesPreening helps the tiny hooks line up and catch again.
Those joins can come apart and leave a gap. When a bird runs its beak through the feather, it helps the little branches line up and catch again. This care is called preening.
A tidy feather surface helps the feather do its job in flight and in shedding water. A bird may also spread oil as it preens. The fluffy feathers close to its body are different: their loose branches help trap warm air.
About this explanation
Starting knowledge: Recognize a bird, its beak and the broad surface of a feather.
Sources
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology — All About Feathers: How Feathers Are Built