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Spectroscopy and rare-earth analysis · 1838–1912

Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran

Lecoq de Boisbaudran worked largely in a private laboratory and made himself the most productive spectroscopic analyst of his generation by systematically cataloging the spectra of known elements so that an unknown line would stand out. He also became one of the principal separators of rare earths, where the combination of fractional crystallization and spectral monitoring was exactly what the problem required.

Explore the supporting references at the foot of this article.

Contribution & context

He identified gallium in 1875 by two violet lines in a zinc blende, isolated the metal by , and corrected his own density measurement after Mendeleev pointed out that it disagreed with the predicted value for eka-aluminum. He also announced samarium in 1879 and dysprosium in 1886, and confirmed Marignac’s gadolinium fraction.

RSC Periodic Table — CesiumLANL Periodic Table — Galliumntrs.nasa.gov — GalliumLANL Periodic Table — GalliumRSC Periodic Table — Gallium

Discoveries in context

Elements found by their colors ↗

Once a flame’s light could be spread into sharp lines and matched against a catalog, an element could be detected before anyone had a weighable sample of it.

Sources & further reading

  1. RSC Periodic Table — Cesium ↗Royal Society of ChemistryReference explanation · Source checked
  2. LANL Periodic Table — Gallium ↗Los Alamos National LaboratoryReference explanation · Source checked
  3. ntrs.nasa.gov — Gallium ↗ntrs.nasa.govReference explanation · Source checked
  4. LANL Periodic Table — Gallium ↗Los Alamos National LaboratoryReference explanation · Source checked
  5. RSC Periodic Table — Gallium ↗Royal Society of ChemistryReference explanation · Source checked

Sources and further reading. What the review labels mean