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Inorganic chemistry and high-temperature methods · 1852–1907

Henri Moissan

Moissan worked in Paris on chemistry at extremes: first on fluorine, where the difficulty is that the product attacks everything, and then with an electric arc furnace that reached temperatures ordinary furnaces could not, producing carbides, borides and silicides and enabling the reduction of stubborn oxides. His claimed synthesis of diamond was not reproducible and is now generally regarded as an artifact, which sits oddly beside work of otherwise exceptional care.

Explore the supporting references at the foot of this article.

Contribution & context

In 1886 he isolated fluorine by electrolysing anhydrous hydrogen fluoride containing potassium hydrogen fluoride at low temperature, in a platinum–iridium vessel with fluorspar windows. The choice of materials was as much the achievement as the electrochemistry. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1906.

RSC Periodic Table — ChlorineLANL Periodic Table — ChlorineRSC Periodic Table — FluorineLANL Periodic Table — Fluorine

Discoveries in context

A family that resists being isolated ↗

Chlorine, iodine, bromine and fluorine were all recognized in compounds long before they could be separated from them, and fluorine took more than a century.

Sources & further reading

  1. RSC Periodic Table — Chlorine ↗Royal Society of ChemistryReference explanation · Source checked
  2. LANL Periodic Table — Chlorine ↗Los Alamos National LaboratoryReference explanation · Source checked
  3. RSC Periodic Table — Fluorine ↗Royal Society of ChemistryReference explanation · Source checked
  4. LANL Periodic Table — Fluorine ↗Los Alamos National LaboratoryReference explanation · Source checked

Sources and further reading. What the review labels mean